Background of the Study
Suicide is a growing public health concern among university students globally. Stress, academic pressure, financial difficulties, and mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety contribute to the increasing risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among students. Suicide prevention awareness programs aim to educate students about risk factors, coping strategies, and available support systems to reduce suicide rates (WHO, 2024).
In Nigeria, suicide remains a stigmatized and underreported issue, with many individuals hesitant to seek help due to cultural and religious beliefs (Adeyemi & Yusuf, 2023). Universities in Niger State face similar challenges, as students struggling with mental health issues often lack access to proper counseling services or fear judgment from peers and faculty. Suicide prevention programs, including mental health awareness campaigns, peer counseling initiatives, and crisis helplines, have been introduced in some institutions. However, the effectiveness of these programs in increasing awareness and reducing suicidal tendencies among students remains unclear.
This study seeks to assess the impact of suicide prevention awareness programs in Niger State universities. By evaluating students' knowledge of suicide risk factors, attitudes toward seeking help, and the effectiveness of existing interventions, the research aims to provide recommendations for improving suicide prevention efforts.
Statement of the Problem
Suicidal behavior among university students is a pressing mental health concern, yet suicide prevention awareness remains inadequate in many Nigerian universities, including those in Niger State. Many students facing depression or emotional distress do not receive timely support due to stigma, lack of awareness, and insufficient mental health services (Okafor & Musa, 2023).
While some universities have introduced suicide prevention awareness programs, their effectiveness in reaching at-risk students and promoting help-seeking behaviors has not been thoroughly evaluated. Without proper assessment, these programs may fail to address the core issues contributing to student suicidality. This study aims to bridge this gap by assessing the impact of existing awareness programs and identifying areas for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess students’ awareness of suicide risk factors and prevention strategies in Niger State universities.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of suicide prevention awareness programs in reducing suicidal tendencies among university students.
3. To identify challenges affecting the implementation of suicide prevention programs in universities.
Research Questions
1. What is the level of awareness of suicide risk factors and prevention strategies among university students in Niger State?
2. How effective are suicide prevention awareness programs in reducing suicidal tendencies among students?
3. What challenges hinder the success of suicide prevention programs in universities?
Research Hypotheses
1. Suicide prevention awareness among university students in Niger State is low.
2. Suicide prevention programs have a significant impact on reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
3. Cultural stigma and lack of institutional support negatively affect the success of suicide prevention initiatives.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on university students in Niger State, assessing their awareness of suicide prevention strategies and evaluating the effectiveness of existing programs. Limitations may include the sensitivity of discussing suicide, leading to potential underreporting, and the difficulty in measuring the direct impact of awareness programs on actual behavior changes.
Definitions of Terms
• Suicide Prevention Awareness Programs: Educational initiatives designed to inform individuals about suicide risk factors and available support services.
• Suicidal Tendencies: Thoughts, plans, or actions related to self-harm or taking one’s own life.
• Mental Health Counseling Services: Professional support systems designed to assist individuals dealing with emotional distress and psychological disorders.
• Help-Seeking Behavior: The willingness to seek support for mental health challenges from professionals, peers, or family members.
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